{"id":5557,"date":"2017-04-06T10:00:46","date_gmt":"2017-04-06T14:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thediplomaticenvoy.com\/?p=5557"},"modified":"2021-01-22T18:04:50","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T23:04:50","slug":"focus-on-ecuadorian-gangs-and-drug-cartels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/thediplomaticenvoy\/2017\/04\/06\/focus-on-ecuadorian-gangs-and-drug-cartels\/","title":{"rendered":"Focus on the Narcotics Trade: Ecuador"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Felipe Bueno
\nStaff Writer<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ecuador has long been situated between juxtaposed worlds. It is a product of Spanish and Native American cultures, a gateway between the northern and southern hemispheres, and between the <\/span>two largest<\/span><\/a> cocaine producers in the world. Though Ecuador does not produce cocaine, its location made it a drug corridor for Peru and Colombia.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to a 2015 United Nations International Narcotics Control Board <\/span>report<\/span><\/a>, cocaine seizures in Ecuador rose by over 252 percent from 2010 to 2015. \u00a0Additionally, former Director of Military Intelligence <\/span>Mario Pazmi\u00f1o said that maritime trafficking routes increased by 90 percent from 2005 to 2012, according to <\/span>La Hora<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The U.S. and Central America are common destinations for cocaine trafficked through Ecuador. In early February of 2016, the <\/span>Ministry of Interior<\/span><\/a> reported the seizure of an Ecuadorian vessel carrying nearly 1,800 pound of cocaine destined for Florida. In the same month, Ecuador\u2019s <\/span>antinarcotics division<\/span><\/a> seized over 1,400 pounds of cocaine off the coast of Santa Elena that were headed for Central America.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cocaine is smuggled into Ecuador where it is shipped out of Guayaquil, the country\u2019s largest port city, and sold abroad. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ecuador is especially important to drug cartels because it uses the American dollar. This allows drug money that has been trafficked into the region to be laundered into the world\u2019s most useful currency very easily. When individuals in the U.S., El Salvador, or Panama purchase cocaine, the dollars they use for payment do not need to be converted to another currency, and lose no value. <\/span><\/p>\n

The Ecuadorian government has launched a series of crackdowns on drug runners following this increase in sales. In an attempt to treat the problem\u2019s source, President Rafael Correa deployed 10,000 troops to the Colombian border to police the area and combat foreign narcotics groups, said <\/span>Insight Crime<\/span><\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Mr. Correa stated that the border is \u201cthe gravest security problem facing the country, a hot frontier with organized crime, drug trafficking, irregular groups, FARC, and paramilitaries.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite this initiative, Ecuador has recently denied accusations that its public institutions exacerbate the problem. In its <\/span>2016 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report<\/span><\/a>, the U.S. State Department suggested that “weak public institutions, permeable borders, and corruption,” make Ecuador vulnerable to transnational organized crime. <\/span><\/p>\n

The Ecuadorian Ministry of Internal Affairs rejected the \u201cwhimsical\u201d report, and Regional Police Chief Eduardo Mancayo said that domestic investigations showed no such links, reports <\/span>El Comercio<\/span><\/a>. Whether or not domestic police reports conflict with U.S. findings, the disagreement and rhetoric with which they were published highlights the increased strain in diplomatic tension between the two countries.<\/span><\/p>\n

En espanol:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Desde hace mucho tiempo, el Ecuador ha sido situado entre mundos yuxtapuestos. Es un producto de la cultura espa\u00f1ola e ind\u00edgena, una puerta entre los hemisferios del norte y el sur, y est\u00e1 situado entre los dos mayores productores de coca\u00edna del mundo. Aunque el Ecuador no produzca su propia coca\u00edna, su ubicaci\u00f3n lo ha convertido en un corredor de drogas para Per\u00fa y Colombia.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan un reportaje de la Junta Internacional de Fiscalizaci\u00f3n de Estupefacientes de las Naciones Unidas de 2015, las incautaciones de coca\u00edna en el Ecuador aumentaron por m\u00e1s de 252 por ciento desde el 2010 al 2015. Adem\u00e1s, el ex Director de Inteligencia Militar Mario Pazmi\u00f1o dijo que las rutas de tr\u00e1fico mar\u00edtimo aumentaron un 90 por ciento entre 2005 y 2012, reporta La Hora.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Los Estados Unidos y Am\u00e9rica Central son destinos comunes para la coca\u00edna traficada a trav\u00e9s del Ecuador. A principios de febrero del 2016, el Ministerio del Interior reporto la incautaci\u00f3n de un bote ecuatoriano que transportaba casi 1.800 libras de coca\u00edna destinadas a la Florida. En el mismo mes, la divisi\u00f3n antinarc\u00f3tica del Ecuador captur\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 1.400 libras de coca\u00edna frente a la costa de Santa Elena, que se dirig\u00edan hacia Centroam\u00e9rica.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

La coca\u00edna se introduce de contrabando en el Ecuador, donde es transportada fuera de Guayaquil, la ciudad portuaria m\u00e1s grande del pa\u00eds, y se vende en el extranjero.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

El Ecuador es especialmente importante para los c\u00e1rteles de droga, por su uso del d\u00f3lar Americano. Esto permite que el dinero del narcotr\u00e1fico que ha sido traficado en la regi\u00f3n sea convertido con facilidad a la moneda m\u00e1s \u00fatil del mundo. Cuando individuales en los Estados Unidos, El Salvador, o Panam\u00e1 compran coca\u00edna, los d\u00f3lares que usan para pagar no necesitan ser convertidos a otra moneda, y no pierden su valor.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

El gobierno ecuatoriano ha lanzado una serie de medidas de represi\u00f3n contra los traficantes de drogas tras este aumento en las ventas. En un intento por tratar a la fuente del problema, el presidente Rafael Correa despleg\u00f3 10.000 soldados a la frontera colombiana para vigilar la zona, y combatir a los grupos extranjeros de narc\u00f3ticos, dijo Insight Crime.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Correa afirm\u00f3 que la frontera es “el problema m\u00e1s grave de seguridad que enfrenta el pa\u00eds, una frontera caliente llena de crimen organizado, el narcotr\u00e1fico, grupos irregulares, las FARC y los paramilitares”. <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

A pesar de esta iniciativa, el Ecuador ha negado recientemente las acusaciones de que sus instituciones p\u00fablicas exacerban el problema. En su Informe sobre la Estrategia Internacional de Fiscalizaci\u00f3n de Estupefacientes de 2016, el Departamento de Estado de los Estados Unidos sugiri\u00f3 que “las instituciones p\u00fablicas d\u00e9biles, las fronteras permeables y la corrupci\u00f3n” hacen que el Ecuador sea vulnerable a la delincuencia organizada transnacional.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

El Ministerio del Interior ecuatoriano rechaz\u00f3 el informe “caprichoso”, y el jefe de la Polic\u00eda Regional Eduardo Mancayo dijo que las investigaciones dom\u00e9sticas no mostraban tales v\u00ednculos, informa El Comercio. Tanto si los informes de la polic\u00eda interna est\u00e1n en conflicto con los hallazgos de los Estados Unidos, el desacuerdo y la ret\u00f3rica con que fueron publicados son una manifestaci\u00f3n del aumento de tensi\u00f3n diplom\u00e1tica entre los dos pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\n

Editor’s Note:<\/span> The\u00a0opioid epidemic knows no borders. To highlight this, our writers covered the narcotics trade in their native countries, with their native tongues.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The U.S. and Central America are common destinations for cocaine trafficked through Ecuador. 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