{"id":11252,"date":"2022-01-01T15:00:45","date_gmt":"2022-01-01T20:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/thediplomaticenvoy\/?p=11252"},"modified":"2022-01-07T15:48:53","modified_gmt":"2022-01-07T20:48:53","slug":"china-and-pakistan-indias-rising-double-threat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/thediplomaticenvoy\/2022\/01\/01\/china-and-pakistan-indias-rising-double-threat\/","title":{"rendered":"China and Pakistan: India\u2019s Rising Double Threat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prableen Dua<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span>Staff\u00a0Writer<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Salami tactics, or conquering an enemy piece-by-piece, is a well-known strategy in international relations used to overcome opposition and weaken enemy states. The People\u2019s Republic of China and India faced tensions earlier this year in what was their second faceoff since 2020. In May 2020, a clash between the troops of both countries along the Sino-Indian border resulted from India\u2019s infrastructure plan in the bordering region near Ladakh. Both the countries engaged in cross-border-firing on September 7, 2020, the first time in 45 years. India and China both <\/span>claimed losses\u00a0of military lives<\/span><\/a>\u00a0from the\u00a0deadly\u00a0clash that lasted until February 2021.\u00a0Indian citizens protested and a ban was\u00a0applied on products made in China and on\u00a0<\/span>Chinese\u00a0digital\u00a0applications operating in India, such as<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>TikTok.<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>The Chinese Communist Party\u2019s (CCP) behavior of claiming other\u2019s territory through salami tactics has been considered a major cause of the clash.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The CCP considers the disputed areas of Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh as a part of its own territory. However, analysts view the clash not only as an outcome of India expanding its infrastructure but also due to India\u2019s increasing engagements with the United States to counter China\u2019s growing influence in the region. After partial disengagement and <\/span>13 meetings among<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>military commanders from both sides<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0100 Chinese soldiers\u00a0<\/span>entered the Indian territory at\u00a0Barahoti<\/span><\/a> and remained there for three hours on August 30, 2021. They caused damage to Indian infrastructure, causing a near escalation to war. Additionally, the People\u2019s Liberation Army commenced night drills near the border and installed multiple rocket launchers.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

China\u00a0has\u00a0been\u00a0known\u00a0for\u00a0pulling\u00a0smaller\u00a0nations\u00a0into\u00a0its\u00a0<\/span>\u2018debt\u00a0trap\u2019<\/span><\/a> which pushes nations towards allying with China, allowing it to take strategic advantage of their assets and territory. Such is the case with Pakistan, which is increasingly falling into Beijing\u2019s debt.\u00a0<\/span>China is investing in the \u2018Karachi Coast,\u2019<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>which could be another threat to India as it allows for an increase in espionage cases under the umbrella of trade. The situation poses a huge challenge for India, and some have predicted a future <\/span>\u2018two-front\u00a0war\u2019<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>with China\u00a0and a\u00a0Pakistan indebted to China.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

India is not unaware of the rising threats along its borders. As a response to tensions with China, <\/span>India deployed 200,000 troops and arsenals near the border region<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0Although\u00a0the\u00a0Indian Army did not challenge the Chinese soldiers when they entered Indian territory in\u00a02020 and the government did not release an official statement, the reaction of the\u00a0Indian Prime\u00a0Minister Narendra Modi<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>has been questioned by those opposing his aggressive behavior against the Pakistani government.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Apart from this, the foreign ministries of both countries have been playing well in the diplomatic sphere since the clash. A <\/span>recent\u00a0statement\u00a0by\u00a0Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Xi<\/span><\/a> confirms the same: \u201cChina and India have maintained dialogue through diplomatic and military channels, and effectively managed and controlled frictions in certain border areas, under a shared commitment to improving and developing bilateral relations.\u201d The statement points towards a stabilizing effect between the two sides. However, it is also evident that India has been consistently working to build up its road infrastructure, specifically the route to the Ladakh Indian Army base near the Line of Actual Control. Recently, for the first time, the Border Road Organization of India has decided to\u00a0<\/span>open the\u00a0\u2018Zoji\u00a0La\u2019\u00a0pass during winters<\/span><\/a> concerning the militarized movements to Eastern Ladakh via the Srinagar-Kargil Highway.<\/span><\/p>\n

Opposing reactions on both sides\u2014India working towards the build-up near the border and China\u2019s diplomatic statement of the situation stabilizing\u2014begs the question of whether the situation is indeed normalizing or just being obscured. Furthermore, India\u2019s involvement in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, or QUAD, and its increasing amicable relations with the United States has given rise to another worrisome situation: Russian President Putin and\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0President Xi Jinping\u2019s growing partnership. Russia has referred to the <\/span>QUAD<\/span><\/a>\u00a0as an\u00a0\u2018anti-China\u00a0Alliance.\u2019 In addition to this,\u00a0<\/span>Russia supported\u00a0India<\/span><\/a> in the \u2018Jammu-Kashmir issue\u2019 in the United Nations Security Council. This places India in a tough situation as Russia has been its ally since the former\u2019s 1971 war with Pakistan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, India\u00a0imports a majority\u00a0of its arms from Russia. This makes the\u00a0<\/span>\u2018CAASTA Act\u2019<\/span><\/a>\u2014a bill passed by the U.S. Senate in 2017 on Iran, Russia, and North Korea that restricts every country on purchasing military equipment from these countries, including India\u2014another threat for India, and a gamble that could potentially spoil India\u2019s relations with the U.S. Besides this, Pakistan is continuing its state sponsorship of military groups operating in the Kashmir Valley. There seems to be no end to this industry of state sponsorship and China continues selling arms to Pakistan which uses those weapons to arm and train militants.<\/span><\/p>\n

If\u00a0the\u00a0situation\u00a0continues\u00a0leaning\u00a0towards\u00a0offensive\u00a0engagement\u00a0between\u00a0India\u00a0and\u00a0China,\u00a0there\u00a0is\u00a0a lingering question of whether Russia will support its old friend, India, or\u00a0its\u00a0new partner, China.\u00a0\u00a0By the same token,\u00a0some question whether\u00a0the United States\u00a0will\u00a0engage\u00a0in the same conflict with\u00a0Pakistan as a long-term ally.\u00a0It is also noteworthy that India recently signed a\u00a0<\/span>10-year defense cooperation pact with Russia<\/span><\/a> during the 21st India-Russia Annual Summit held in New Delhi on December 6, 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally,\u00a0Prime\u00a0Minister\u00a0Modi\u00a0has\u00a0been\u00a0rather successful\u00a0in establishing a positive relationship with President Biden, especially through the QUAD.\u00a0Considering the\u00a0situation between India, China,\u00a0and Pakistan, if the situation gets more critical, the United States\u00a0is likely to participate as a mediator between Pakistan and India,\u00a0and not merely as a supporter of\u00a0Pakistan\u2014earlier,\u00a0the United States\u2019 interest in supporting Pakistan was\u00a0based on the war against terrorism and the war in Afghanistan.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Now\u00a0that\u00a0U.S. troops are out of\u00a0Afghanistan, the U.S.\u00a0has the opportunity\u00a0to\u00a0work toward reconstructing its policy toward Pakistan and to urge both India and Pakistan to mediate the conflict at the diplomatic level.\u00a0A<\/span>\u00a0previous statement\u00a0by\u00a0President\u00a0Putin<\/span><\/a>\u00a0about\u00a0the\u00a0India-China clash\u00a0that \u201cno\u00a0extra-regional power should interfere between India and China as both countries are equally capable of solving conflicts on their own terms\u201d\u00a0indicates that Russia will\u00a0not abandon its years-old friendship with India.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

India, therefore, is very likely facing a double threat since it shares one border with China and\u00a0the other with Pakistan.\u00a0Nevertheless, due to\u00a0India\u2019s\u00a0significant presence in the QUAD and\u00a0ties\u00a0with Russia, India possesses a good\u00a0backing\u00a0to be able to mediate\u00a0any likely\u00a0conflict in\u00a0the\u00a0future.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Salami tactics, or conquering an enemy piece-by-piece, is a well-known strategy in international relations used to overcome opposition and weaken enemy states. The People\u2019s Republic of China and India faced tensions earlier this year in what was their second faceoff since 2020. In May 2020, a clash between the troops of both countries along the Sino-Indian border resulted from India\u2019s infrastructure plan in the bordering region near Ladakh. Both the countries engaged in cross-border-firing on September 7, 2020, the first time in 45 years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5240,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2104,2116,386],"tags":[393,470,473,1446,1620,1621],"class_list":["post-11252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2104","category-analysis","category-asia","tag-china","tag-india","tag-pakistan","tag-conflict","tag-defense","tag-national-security"],"yoast_head":"\nChina and Pakistan: India\u2019s Rising Double Threat - The Diplomatic Envoy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/thediplomaticenvoy\/2022\/01\/01\/china-and-pakistan-indias-rising-double-threat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China and Pakistan: India\u2019s Rising Double Threat - The Diplomatic Envoy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Salami tactics, or conquering an enemy piece-by-piece, is a well-known strategy in international relations used to overcome opposition and weaken enemy states. 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