{"id":2181,"date":"2014-10-22T10:55:06","date_gmt":"2014-10-22T14:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/diplomacy\/?p=2181"},"modified":"2014-10-27T08:53:27","modified_gmt":"2014-10-27T12:53:27","slug":"the-hong-kong-revolution-is-there-an-invisible-hand-holding-the-umbrella","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/2014\/10\/the-hong-kong-revolution-is-there-an-invisible-hand-holding-the-umbrella\/","title":{"rendered":"The Hong Kong Revolution: Is there an invisible hand holding the umbrella?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">By Danny\u00a0Dubbaneh<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In September 2014, activists in Hong Kong began protesting outside government headquarters and occupied several major city intersections, after the Standing Committee of the National People\u2019s Congress (NPCSC) announced its decision on proposed electoral <a href=\"http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/china\/2014-08\/31\/c_133609238.htm\">reform<\/a>. The Hong Kong protests, also known as the Umbrella Movement or Umbrella Revolution, began as a response to the NPCSC disallowing civil nominations. By doing so, the NPCSC established that a 1200-member nominating committee, nominated by the business factions and controlled by Beijing, would elect two or three electoral candidates with more than half of the votes before the general public can vote on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/hong-kong\/article\/1582079\/beijing-scholar-says-hong-kongs-candidate-nominating-system-out\">them<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">On September 22, 2014, the Hong Kong Federation of Students and Scholarism began <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-china-29306128\">protesting<\/a> outside government headquarters against the NPCSC\u2019s decision. This protest took on the name Occupy Central movement which continues to pressure the PRC Government into granting an electoral system that &#8220;satisfies the international standards in relation to universal suffrage&#8221; in the Hong Kong Chief Executive election in 2017 -as promised according to the Hong Kong Basic Law Article <a href=\"http:\/\/www.basiclaw.gov.hk\/en\/basiclawtext\/chapter_4.html\">45<\/a>. More citizens joined the protests after the use of heavy-handed police tactics, including the unnecessary use of tear gas, and attacks on protesters by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/10\/04\/world\/asia\/hong-kong-protests.html?hp&amp;action=click&amp;pgtype=Homepage&amp;version=LedeSumLargeMedia&amp;module=a-lede-package-region&amp;region=top-news&amp;WT.nav=top-news&amp;_r=1\">opponents<\/a>. The umbrella was initially used by activists in Hong Kong to shield themselves from police pepper spray. But it has quickly emerged as an unlikely symbol of resistance in ongoing pro-democracy protests there.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Although protest leaders said they had not received any <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/10\/11\/world\/asia\/some-chinese-leaders-claim-us-and-britain-are-behind-hong-kong-protests-.html\">funding<\/a> from the United States government or nonprofit groups affiliated with it, many Chinese officials choose to blame hidden Western forces. \u00a0\u00a0Part of their argument was because they find it difficult to accept that so many everyday-civilians in Hong Kong want democracy. After a commission of U.S. lawmakers and Obama administration officials published a report titled, \u201cIncrease Support for Hong Kong\u2019s Democracy,\u201d accusations against the U.S. from China\u2019s state-run media have increasingly claimed the role of the U.S. in supporting the Hong Kong protests. As Hong Kong is the only other nation that processes U.S. dollar <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hkma.gov.hk\/eng\/key-functions\/international-financial-centre\/infrastructure\/payment-systems.shtml\">interbank<\/a> payments, it is in the U.S. interest to act on the behalf of Hong Kong. However, any actions undertaken by the U.S. must respect the sovereignty of China and be restricted to democracy-supporting activities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/files\/2014\/10\/Danny-Blog.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-0\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2182\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/files\/2014\/10\/Danny-Blog.jpg\" alt=\"A protester raises his umbrellas in front of tear gas which was fired by riot police to disperse protesters blocking the main street to the financial Central district outside the government headquarters in Hong Kong\" width=\"580\" height=\"384\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #999999\"><i>Protesters<\/i><em>\u00a0using umbrellas to shield themselves from tear gas (Credit\u00a0REUTERS\/TYRONE SIU)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">As pro-democracy demonstrations in Hong Kong continue with no sign of any sort of compromise, a standoff is deepening between China and the U.S. over the protests. Hong Kong\u2019s unique position as a semi-autonomous entity with its own political and economic system separate from China only serves to complicate the issue. China has made it clear to the international community that the Hong Kong protests are a distinctly domestic issue with no room for foreign <a href=\"http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/articles\/china-u-s-standoff-deepens-over-hong-kong-protests-1413047637\">input<\/a>. However, the U.S. needs to become more vocal on Hong Kong, and make an effort to frame local democracy aspirations as an increasingly important human-rights issue. The U.S. respects China\u2019s sovereignty but stresses a need for the support of free and fair elections under Hong Kong\u2019s Basic Law, which guarantees the territory\u2019s semi autonomy until 2047. \u00a0The U.S. government claims the right to a voice because of its interests in Hong Kong, including numerous businesses that depend on its reliable institutions, like its legal system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The U.S. has demonstrated a high level of commitment to supporting democracy in Hong Kong. According to its annual reports, the National Endowment for Democracy, a nonprofit directly supported by Washington, distributed $755,000 in grants in Hong Kong in 2012, and an additional $695,000 last <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ned.org\/where-we-work\/asia\/china-hong-kong\">year<\/a>, to encourage the development of democratic institutions.\u00a0 With the upcoming 2016 and 2020 elections, Chinese leaders are making their intentions to install politicians they can control increasingly clear. This raises serious concerns about Hong Kong\u2019s autonomy, freedom and economy, which relies heavily on transparency and the rule of law. The numbers of U.S. interests in Hong Kong make it imperative to respond to the growing threats to democracy in Hong Kong and take steps to defend rights and freedoms in Hong Kong.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">In order to support democracy while also respecting China\u2019s sovereignty will require a balancing act on the United States\u2019 part. The U.S. must avoid taking any actions on a national level and allow NGOs to continue to support and encourage the development of democratic institutions in Hong Kong. Taking this approach will enable the citizens of Hong Kong to have the resources to defend their own democratic values and absolve the U.S. of being blamed for having any role in the Hong Kong protests. Protecting democracy in Hong Kong is extremely important for the U.S. but it is something that the people of Hong Kong must fight for themselves. The U.S. can be supportive of these efforts but must be careful not to overstep their bounds and raise issues of violating China\u2019s state sovereignty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><em><span style=\"color: #333333;font-family: Georgia\">Danny Dubbaneh\u00a0is the Executive Editor for the Journal of Diplomacy.\u00a0Dubbaneh is pursuing his MA in Diplomacy &amp; International Relations where he focuses on\u00a0Economic Development\u00a0and Foreign Policy Analysis.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Danny\u00a0Dubbaneh In September 2014, activists in Hong Kong began protesting outside government headquarters and occupied several major city intersections,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1365,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,175,174],"tags":[164,161,163,172,166,165],"class_list":["post-2181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-china","category-editors-pick","category-featured-2","tag-democracy","tag-featured","tag-hong-konk","tag-protests","tag-revolution","tag-united-states"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1365"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2181"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2192,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2181\/revisions\/2192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.shu.edu\/journalofdiplomacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}